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Abstract The Santos Basin (SB) is the main petroliferous basin in the Brazilian continental margin and one of the most studied marine areas in Brazil. However, historical data suggest that new efforts should be carried out to acquire quantitative biological data, especially in the deep sea, to establish the baseline of essential ocean variables in different ecosystems for future monitoring programs. The Brazilian energy company Petrobras planned and executed 24 oceanographic cruises over a period of 2 years to assess the benthic (SANSED cruise) and pelagic (SANAGU cruise) systems of the SB (356 days at sea in 2019 and 2021/2022). These efforts were part of the Santos Project, which comprised a comprehensive environmental study aimed at investigating benthic and pelagic variables to characterize ecology, biogeochemistry, thermohaline properties of water masses, and ocean circulation patterns, geomorphology, and sedimentology, as well as organic and inorganic chemistry. Here we present the detailed sampling designs and the field methods employed on board, during the SB scientific cruises. All sampling protocols were based on standardized approaches. For the benthos analyses, triplicate sediment samples were performed using a GOMEX-type box corer (0.25 m²) or a large modified Van Veen grab (0.75 m²) at 100 stations ranging from 25 to 2400 m depth. At each station, 25 geochemical and physico-chemical parameters were analyzed in addition to micro-, meio-, and macrofauna and living foraminifera samples. For the pelagic system, 60 stations were selected to investigate the plankton community, ranging in size from pico- to macroplankton, through vertical, horizontal, and oblique net hauls (20, 200, and 500 μm mesh size), as well as 25 biogeochemical parameters collected with an aid of a CTD-rosette sampler. Part of this scientific information also serves the Regional Environmental Characterization Project (PCR-BS) in support of Petrobras’ Santos Basin drilling licensing process led by the Brazilian Environmental Agency – IBAMA. This project contributes to the sustainable development of the SB, in line with the guidelines of the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.22072dlm

INSIGHT INTO THE CONFORMATIONAL SPACE OF N-BENZYL-N-(FURAN-2-YLMETHYL)ACETAMIDE BY NMR SPECTROSCOPY AND DFT CALCULATIONS
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Montaña, Jeisson D. Corredor

; Loaiza, Alix E.

; Romanelli, Gustavo P.

; Waele, Isabelle De

; Tobón, Yeny A.

; Castaño, Jovanny A. Gómez

Química Nova

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Jan 2021, Volume 44 Nº 1 Páginas 1 - 14

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

In this study, the conformational behavior of N-benzyl-N-(furan-2-ylmethyl) acetamide in chloroform was addressed by using a combined experimental/theoretical strategy using NMR spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations. The 1H and 13C one-dimensional NMR spectra, as well as the two-dimensional HSQC-DEPT and HMBC-DEPT NMR spectra, evinced the presence of a hindered cis(E)-trans(Z) rotational equilibrium in solution. DFT calculations were performed at different theoretical levels using the polarizable continuum model (PCM) and predicted nine (four Z and five E structures) stable conformations. The interconversion dynamics among the different confirmations were established in terms of four different rotational equilibria in CDCl3. The chemical shifts in the 1H and 13C NMR spectra of the compound are similar to the values calculated for the two most abundant conformational equilibria at room temperature, one caused by two Z rotamers and the other by two E rotamers. The compound was also characterized for the first time by FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, and GC/MS spectrometry. Additionally, several acylation methodologies for synthesizing the title compound from N-benzyl-1-(furan-2-yl)methanamine were tested which resulted in high yields (> 90%) under very convenient conditions (10 min, at room temperature).

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170639 208 downloads

Tolerancia al plomo de aislamientos nativos de Pseudomonas spp. de aguas residuales del Valle de Aburrá
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Bedoya Vélez, Jessica María

; Castaño, Gustavo

; Ochoa Agudelo, Susana

Revista Colombiana de Biotecnología

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Jun 2019, Volume 21 Nº 1 Páginas 135 - 143

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN El plomo (Pb) es un metal pesado cuyas características físico-químicas lo convierten en un contaminante ambiental persistente, bioacumulable y de alta toxicidad. La biorremediación surge como una alternativa con múltiples ventajas en comparación con los tratamientos convencionales para remover contaminantes como metales pesados de aguas residuales, basándose en las capacidades de tolerancia y mecanismos de resistencia de los microorganismos. Con el fin de conocer la tolerancia de Pseudomonas spp. al plomo presente en aguas contaminadas, se obtuvieron cuatro aislados nativos, procedentes de aguas residuales colectadas en el río del Valle de Aburrá (zona norte), los cuales se caracterizaron bioquímicamente. Se realizaron bioensayos de tolerancia en diferentes concentraciones de plomo por difusión en agar, como prueba tamiz, y determinación de la concentración mínima inhibitoria, determinando la viabilidad del microorganismo en cada exposición. No se presentó diferencia significativa para la tolerancia al plomo entre los aislados, identificados bioquímicamente como Pseudomonas aeruginosa, ni entre las diferentes concentraciones de plomo a las cuales fueron expuestos los aislados. A partir de estos resultados, se discute a cerca de los mecanismos reportados por diferentes autores, mediante los cuales Pseudomonas spp. puede actuar en presencia de Plomo. De esta manera, se concluye que los aislados de Pseudomonas spp. presentan mecanismos de tolerancia y/o resistencia hasta concentraciones de 2500 mg/L en presencia de nitrato de plomo, como potenciales agentes que pueden integrarse en procesos que impulsan nuevas tecnologías de biorremediación.

ABSTRACT Lead (Pb) is a heavy metal whose physicochemical characteristics make it a persistent environmental pollutant, bioaccumulable and highly toxic. Bioremediation emerges as an alternative with multiple advantages compared to conventional treatments to remove contaminants such as heavy metals from wastewater, based on the tolerance capacities and/or resistance mechanisms of microorganisms. In order to know the tolerance of Pseudomonas spp. to the lead present in contaminated waters, four native isolates were obtained, coming from wastewater collected in the north from Aburrá Valley River, which were characterized biochemically. Tolerance bioassay was carried out in different concentrations of lead by agar diffusion, as a screening test, and determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration, determining the viability of the microorganism in each exposure. There was no significant difference for lead tolerance between the isolates, identified biochemically as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, nor between the different concentrations of lead to which the isolates were exposed. From these results, we discuss about the mechanisms reported by different authors, by means of which Pseudomonas spp. can act in the presence of lead. In this way, it is concluded that the isolates of Pseudomonas spp. they present tolerance and/or resistance mechanisms up to 2500 mg/L in the presence of lead nitrate, as potential agents that can be integrated into processes that promote new bioremediation technologies.

https://doi.org/10.15446/rev.colomb.biote.v21n1.65146 1621 downloads

Secuestro pulmonar en adultos: reporte de tres casos y revisión de la literatura
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Zapata-González, Ricardo

; Naranjo-Salazar, Camilo

; Méndez-Giraldo, Manuela

; Vêlez-Castaño, Paula

; Montoya-Medina, Camilo

; Roncancio-Villamil, Gustavo

; Ortega-Jaramillo, Jorge

CES Medicina

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Ago 2018, Volume 32 Nº 2 Páginas 150 - 158

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen El secuestro pulmonar es una enfermedad congénita infrecuente caracterizada por la presencia de una porción de parénquima pulmonar que recibe vascularización independiente de la circulación sistémica. Se presentan tres casos de secuestro pulmonar intralobares, de presentación tardía, uno de ellos asociado a una malformación adenomatosa quística y en los cuales el manejo se completó por videotoracoscopia: dos de ellos con lobectomía total y uno con lobectomía sublobar. Se trata de una enfermedad de presentación clínica variable y cuyo tratamiento es, en la mayoría de los casos, quirúrgico, requiriéndose usualmente resecciones lobares, las cuales pueden llevarse a cabo de manera eficaz y segura por videotoracoscopia.

Abstract Pulmonary sequestration is an infrequent congenital disease characterized by the presence of a portion of pulmonary parenchyma that receives vascularization independent of the systemic circulation. We present three cases of intralobar pulmonary sequestration of late presentation, one of them associated with a cystic adenomatous malformation and in which the management was completed by videothoracoscopy: two of them with total lobectomy and the other with sublobar lobectomy. It is a disease of variable clinical presentation and whose treatment is, in most cases, surgical, usually requiring lobar resections, which can be carried out effectively and safely by video-assisted thoracoscopy.

https://doi.org/10.21615/cesmedicina.32.2.8 735 downloads

Cutoff values for appendicular skeletal muscle mass and strength in relation to fear of falling among Brazilian older adults: cross-sectional study
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Sampaio, Ricardo Aurélio Carvalho

; Sampaio, Priscila Yukari Sewo

; Castaño, Luz Albany Arcila

; Barbieri, João Francisco

; Coelho Júnior, Hélio José

; Arai, Hidenori

; Uchida, Marco Carlos

; Gutierrez, Gustavo Luis

Sao Paulo Medical Journal

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Out 2017, Volume 135 Nº 5 Páginas 434 - 443

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Sarcopenia is an emerging public health issue in Brazil. Because of its high prevalence and the lack of national data, the objective here was to identify cutoff points for appendicular skeletal muscle (ASM) and handgrip strength in relation to fear of falling among Brazilian older adults. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study; in the community. METHODS: Participants underwent morphological and functional evaluations; and were asked about previous falls and fear of falling. Different adjustments to ASM and handgrip strength were used. Slow walking speed was defined as < 0.8 m/s or 1.0 m/s. Gender and age groups were compared using t tests, analysis of variance (ANOVA), chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to identify cutoffs for ASM and handgrip strength in relation to fear of falling. RESULTS: 578 older adults participated in this study. Function levels decreased with increasing age, and body composition differed between the sexes. In relation to fear of falling, the cutoffs for ASM adjusted for body mass index (BMI) were < 0.85 for men and < 0.53 for women; the cutoffs for absolute handgrip strength and relative handgrip strength (adjusted for BMI) were 30.0 kgf and 21.7 kgf, and 1.07 and 0.66, for men and women, respectively. CONCLUSION: The values presented can be used as references in clinical practice and research. We recommend use of ASM adjusted for BMI and choosing between absolute and relative handgrip strength for men and women, according to study needs.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2017.0049030517 1813 downloads

An approach to the numerical solution of one-dimensional heat equation on SoC FPGA
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Castaño, Luis

; Osorio, Gustavo

Ingeniería Electrónica, Automática y Comunicaciones

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Ago 2017, Volume 38 Nº 2 Páginas 83 - 93

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

A common kernel used in scientific computing is the stencil computation. FPGA based heterogeneous systems has been used to overcome stencil algorithm performance limitations due to the memory bandwidth on CPU and GPU based systems. Performance improvement is achieved through the combination of several data flow optimization techniques, taking advantage of the FPGA inherent parallelism. However, array architectures used for some two-dimensional problems involves the need of considerable number of FPGAs, for mesh sizes that can be treated by a CPU or GPU based system with a suitable performance at a lower cost. With the development of high level synthesis tools, the implementation of algorithms over FPGA is performed with a better design flow than traditional logic design. In this case, optimization techniques are performed at software level. In this document is presented a system designed to evaluate the performance of a stencil computation algorithm over a SoC FPGA at hardware level. The data-path is designed to perform the stencil computation algorithm using a one-dimensional array of processing elements and registers. System performance is evaluated for the approach to the numerical solution of a heat transfer problem modeled with the heat equation for the one-dimensional case. The proposed architectures are implemented in a ZedBoard Zynq Evaluation and Development Kit using Vivado Design Suite and Xilinx SDK.

La computación con esténcil es un esquema muy usado en la computación científica. Se han desarrollado sistemas heterogéneos basados en FPGA para superar las limitaciones debidas al ancho de banda de memoria en los sistemas computacionales basados en CPU o GPU. El mejoramiento del desempeño es logrado mediante el uso de varias técnicas de optimización del flujo de datos, tomando ventaja del paralelismo inherente de los FPGA. Sin embargo, las arquitecturas usadas en problemas bidimensionales involucran el uso de una cantidad considerable de FPGA, para tamaños de malla que pueden ser procesados en sistemas basados en CPU o GPU con un desempeño aceptable a menor costo. Con el desarrollo de herramientas de diseño de alto nivel, la implementación de algoritmos sobre FPGA es realizada con un mejor flujo de diseño que con el diseño lógico tradicional. En este caso las técnicas de optimización se desarrollan a nivel de software. En este documento se presenta un sistema diseñado para evaluar el desempeño de la computación con esténcil sobre una FPGA a nivel de hardware. El camino de datos es diseñado para el empleo de un arreglo unidimensional de elementos de proceso y registros para reducir el número de operaciones de transferencia de datos de memoria. El desempeño del sistema es evaluado para la aproximación a la solución numérica de un problema de transferencia de calor, modelado con la ecuación de calor para el caso unidimensional. Las arquitecturas propuestas son implementadas sobre una ZedBoard empleando Vivado y el Xilinx SDK.

Caracterización de la población con epilepsia atendida en un hospital infantil en Manizales 2013-2014
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Castaño-Castrillón, José Jaime

; Campos-Quimbayo, Yesenia Alejandra

; Duque-Jiménez, Carlos Alberto

; Grisales-Aristizábal, Erika

; Mera-Romo, Tatiana María

; Rodríguez-Alzate, Gustavo Adolfo

; Villegas-Arenas, Oscar Alberto

CES Medicina

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Dez 2016, Volume 30 Nº 2 Páginas 139 - 147

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Objetivo: caracterizar la población con diagnóstico de epilepsia en el Hospital Infantil Universitario Rafael Henao Toro, en Manizales (Colombia), desde el punto de vista del comportamiento de la enfermedad, factores de riesgo, tratamiento y particularidades demográficas. Métodos: estudio de corte transversal realizado mediante la revisión de historias clínicas.Resultados: de 172 pacientes, 51,2 % fueron del género masculino; las crisis focales fueron las más frecuentes con 59,1 %; la comorbilidad más usual fue el retraso del desarrollo psicomotor (30,9 %), aunque si se tiene en cuenta la asociación con otras enfermedades la cifra asciende al 57,9 %; la monoterapia más utilizada fue el ácido valpróico (39,8 %). La epilepsia infantil se asoció con estados hipertensivos maternos en un 8,7 %; el 21,7 % presentó encefalopatía hipóxica-isquémica; 24,1 % tenían antecedentes familiares de epilepsia; en 15,1 % de los casos hubo bajo peso y 16,7 % de talla baja al nacer. Conclusión: los hallazgos de la presente investigación, en general, coinciden con lo reportado en otros estudios efectuados en poblaciones análogas.

Abstract Objective:To characterize the diagnosed with epilepsy population at the "Hospital Infantil Universitario Rafael Henao Toro", in the city of Manizales (Colombia) from the behavior of the disease, risk factors, treatment and demographic characteristics. Methods: Cross-sectional study of the population referred to and performed by reviewing medical records. Results: of 172 patients, 51,2% were male gender; focal seizures were the most frequent with 59.1%; the most common comorbidity was delayed psychomotor development (30.9%), although if is consider the association with other diseases the figure is 57.9%; the most commonly monotherapy used was Valproic Acid (39.8%). Childhood epilepsy was associated with maternal hypertensive disorders in 8,7%; 21.7% had hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy; 24.1% had a family history of epilepsy; in 15.1 % of cases was underweight and 16.7% of short stature at birth. Conclusion: The findings of this research, in general, agree with those reported in other studies in similar populations.

1401 downloads

Doble carga de malnutrición durante el crecimiento: ¿una realidad latente en Colombia?
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Cediel-Giraldo, Gustavo

; Castaño-Moreno, Erika

; Gaitán-Charry, Diego

Revista de Salud Pública

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Ago 2016, Volume 18 Nº 4 Páginas 656 - 669

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Several reports have described in the last decade the coexistence of accelerated increase of obesity with micronutrient deficiencies in developed countries, and is becoming evident in developing nations. This condition may be especially deleterious in children and adolescents with consequences in metabolic risk and growth since early in life. This review describes the evidence of double burden malnutrition during growth period focused on six nutrients (iron, zinc, calcium, vitamin D, vitamin A, sodium, folic acid and vitamin B12) and its biological mechanisms associated with non-communicable disease through span life. In Colombia, according to the last national health and nutrition surveys (2005 vs. 2010), there is an increase in the prevalence of obesity in all age groups; that is accompanied with alarming figures of zinc and vitamin A deficiency and anemia in children under 5 years. This reality of double burden malnutrition should be considered urgently on the public health agenda, implementing robust strategies adapted to the reality of the country based on scientific evidence to prevent mobility and mortality associated with this condition.

Sucesivos reportes en la última década describen la coexistencia de la malnutrición por exceso con el déficit de micronutrientes en países desarrollados y en vía de desarrollo. Esta condición puede ser especialmente deletérea en niños y adolescentes con consecuencias en el riesgo metabólico y en el crecimiento desde edades tempranas. En este trabajo se muestra la evidencia sobre la doble carga de malnutrición durante el periodo de crecimiento con enfoque en 8 nutrientes (hierro, zinc, calcio, vitamina D, vitamina A, sodio, ácido fólico y vitamina B12) y su posible mecanismo de acción en el desarrollo de enfermedades crónicas en las diferentes etapas de la vida. En Colombia, según las dos últimas encuestas nacionales de la situación nutricional (ENSIN 2005 y 2010), se ha dado un aumento rápido de la obesidad en todas las edades, que se acompaña de cifras alarmantes de déficit de zinc, vitamina A y anemia, en menores de 5 años. Esta realidad de doble carga de malnutrición debe considerarse de manera urgente en la agenda de salud pública y actuar de manera efectiva implementando estrategias sólidas y adaptadas a la realidad del país, basadas en la evidencia científica, para prevenir la morbimortalidad atribuida a esta condición.

https://doi.org/10.15446/rsap.v18n4.47769 894 downloads

Doble carga de malnutrición durante el crecimiento: ¿una realidad latente en Colombia?
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Cediel-Giraldo, Gustavo

; Castaño-Moreno, Erika

; Gaitán-Charry, Diego

Revista de Salud Pública

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Jul 2016, Volume 18 Nº 4 Páginas 656 - 669

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.15446/rsap.v18n4.47769 1868 downloads

10.

Overactive bladder – 18 years – Part II
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Truzzi, Jose Carlos

; Gomes, Cristiano Mendes

; Bezerra, Carlos A.

; Plata, Ivan Mauricio

; Campos, Jose

; Garrido, Gustavo Luis

; Almeida, Fernando G.

; Averbeck, Marcio Augusto

; Fornari, Alexandre

; Salazar, Anibal

; Dell’Oro, Arturo

; Cintra, Caio

; Sacomani, Carlos Alberto Ricetto

; Tapia, Juan Pablo

; Brambila, Eduardo

; Longo, Emilio Miguel

; Rocha, Flavio Trigo

; Coutinho, Francisco

; Favre, Gabriel

; Garcia, José Antonio

; Castaño, Juan

; Reyes, Miguel

; Leyton, Rodrigo Eugenio

; Ferreira, Ruiter Silva

; Duran, Sergio

; López, Vanda

; Reges, Ricardo

International braz j urol

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Abr 2016, Volume 42 Nº 2 Páginas 199 - 214

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Traditionally, the treatment of overactive bladder syndrome has been based on the use of oral medications with the purpose of reestablishing the detrusor stability. The recent better understanding of the urothelial physiology fostered conceptual changes, and the oral anticholinergics – pillars of the overactive bladder pharmacotherapy – started to be not only recognized for their properties of inhibiting the detrusor contractile activity, but also their action on the bladder afference, and therefore, on the reduction of the symptoms that constitute the syndrome. Beta-adrenergic agonists, which were recently added to the list of drugs for the treatment of overactive bladder, still wait for a definitive positioning – as either a second-line therapy or an adjuvant to oral anticholinergics. Conservative treatment failure, whether due to unsatisfactory results or the presence of adverse side effects, define it as refractory overactive bladder. In this context, the intravesical injection of botulinum toxin type A emerged as an effective option for the existing gap between the primary measures and more complex procedures such as bladder augmentation. Sacral neuromodulation, described three decades ago, had its indication reinforced in this overactive bladder era. Likewise, the electric stimulation of the tibial nerve is now a minimally invasive alternative to treat those with refractory overactive bladder. The results of the systematic literature review on the oral pharmacological treatment and the treatment of refractory overactive bladder gave rise to this second part of the review article Overactive Bladder – 18 years, prepared during the 1st Latin-American Consultation on Overactive Bladder.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2015.0367 2297 downloads

11.

Overactive bladder – 18 years – part I
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Truzzi, Jose Carlos

; Gomes, Cristiano Mendes

; Bezerra, Carlos A.

; Plata, Ivan Mauricio

; Campos, Jose

; Garrido, Gustavo Luis

; Almeida, Fernando G.

; Averbeck, Marcio Augusto

; Fornari, Alexandre

; Salazar, Anibal

; Dell'Oro, Arturo

; Cintra, Caio

; Sacomani, Carlos Alberto Ricetto

; Tapia, Juan Pablo

; Brambila, Eduardo

; Longo, Emilio Miguel

; Rocha, Flavio Trigo

; Coutinho, Francisco

; Favre, Gabriel

; Garcia, José Antonio

; Castaño, Juan

; Reyes, Miguel

; Leyton, Rodrigo Eugenio

; Ferreira, Ruiter Silva

; Duran, Sergio

; López, Vanda

; Reges, Ricardo

International braz j urol

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Abr 2016, Volume 42 Nº 2 Páginas 188 - 198

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Abstract: Overactive bladder syndrome is one of the lower urinary tract dysfunctions with the highest number of scientific publications over the past two decades. This shows the growing interest in better understanding this syndrome, which gathers symptoms of urinary urgency and increased daytime and nighttime voiding frequency, with or without urinary incontinence and results in a negative impact on the quality of life of approximately one out of six individuals – including both genders and almost all age groups. The possibility of establishing the diagnosis just from clinical data made patients' access to specialized care easier. Physiotherapy resources have been incorporated into the urological daily practice. A number of more selective antimuscarinic drugs with consequent lower adverse event rates were released. Recently, a new class of oral drugs, beta-adrenergic agonists has become part of the armamentarium for Overactive Bladder. Botulinum toxin injections in the bladder and sacral neuromodulation are routine modalities of treatment for refractory cases. During the 1st Latin-American Consultation on Overactive Bladder, a comprehensive review of the literature related to the evolution of the concept, epidemiology, diagnosis, and management was conducted. This text corresponds to the first part of the review Overactive Bladder 18-years.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2015.0365 3261 downloads

12.

Tratamiento con radioquimioterapia del cáncer de cuello uterino: resultados a largo plazo
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Aguiar, Sergio

; Rosa, Mariela Dalla

; Rosa, Alejandro De

; Castaño, Adriana

; Lillo, Olga

; Ronco, Álvaro

; Mara, Cristina

; Paolini, Gustavo

; Guerrero, Luján

; Ferreira, Valentina

; Silvera, Jaime

; Terzieff, Verónica

; Alonso, Isabel

; Blanco, Andrea

; Quarneti, Aldo

Revista Médica del Uruguay

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Dez 2015, Volume 31 Nº 4 Páginas 241 - 248

Resumo: Es Pt En | Texto: Es Pt En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Introducción: la radioquimioterapia es una opción de tratamiento curativo del carcinoma de cérvix, particularmente en pacientes de medio hospitalario uruguayo cuyo diagnóstico se realiza en estadios localmente avanzados. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los resultados terapéuticos y la toxicidad crónica de dicho tratamiento en el Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell (CHPR). Método: se incluyeron 164 pacientes portadoras de carcinoma cérvico-uterino que completaron el tratamiento de radioquimioterapia entre junio de 2006 y noviembre de 2008. La radioterapia externa (RTE) consistió en irradiación pélvica (concomitante con cisplatino semanal) y braquiterapia (BT) útero-vaginal. Se calculó la dosis biológica efectiva para tumor, para recto y para vejiga. Se analizó la tasa de control locorregional y la sobrevida a cinco años, así como las complicaciones crónicas por el método de Kaplan-Meier. Resultados: la sobrevida global obtenida fue de 67% a cinco años, mostrando diferencias significativas entre el estadio II (78%) y el estadio III (49%) (Log-rank test, p = 0,0002). La tasa de complicaciones crónicas grado 3-4, según RTOG (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group), fue de 1,8% para las urinarias y 3,7% para las digestivas. El control local inicial fue de 89% y la persistencia lesional de 10,3%; recidiva locorregional (RL) en todo el período: 19,5%; metástasis con o sin RL: 10,3%. Conclusiones: se confirma en nuestro medio la eficacia terapéutica de la radioquimioterapia en cáncer de cérvix. La mayoría de las recidivas o persistencias fueron por falta de control locorregional luego del tratamiento inicial. El tratamiento fue bien tolerado, con bajo porcentaje de complicaciones crónicas, comparable con referencias internacionales.

Resumo Introdução: a radio-quimioterapia é uma opção de tratamento curativo do carcinoma de cérvix, particularmente em pacientes do meio hospitalar uruguaio cujo diagnóstico é feito em estádios localmente avançados. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar os resultados terapêuticos e a toxicidade crônica deste tratamento no Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell (CHPR). Método: foram incluídas 164 pacientes portadoras de carcinoma cérvico-uterino que completaram o tratamento de radio-quimioterapia no período junho de 2006 - novembro de 2008. A radioterapia externa (RTE) foi feita por irradiação pélvica (concomitante com cisplatina semanal) e braquiterapia (BT) útero-vaginal. A dose biológica efetiva para tumor, reto e bexiga foi calculada. A taxa de controle loco-regional e a sobrevida aos cinco anos foram calculadas e também as complicações crônicas utilizando o método de Kaplan-Meier. Resultados: a sobrevida global obtida foi de 67% aos cinco anos, mostrando diferenças significativas entre o estádio II (78%) e o estádio III (49%) (Log-rank test, p = 0,0002). A taxa de complicações crônicas graus 3-4, de acordo com a RTOG (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group), foi 1,8% para as urinarias e 3,7% para as digestivas. O controle local inicial foi de 89% e a persistência da lesão de 10,3%; recidiva loco-regional (RL) em todo o período: 19,5%; metástases com ou sem RL: 10,3%. Conclusões: a eficácia terapêutica da radioquimioterapia no câncer de cérvix no nosso meio foi confirmada. A maioria das recidivas ou persistências foi devida a falta de controle loco-regional depois do tratamento inicial. O tratamento foi bem tolerado, com baixa porcentagem de complicações crônicas, comparável a referências internacionais.

Abstract Introduction: radiochemotherapy may be used to cure cervical cancer, particularly for patients treated in Uruguayan hospitals, whose diagnosis is made in locally advanced stages. The study aims to analyse therapy results and chronic toxicity of such treatment at the Pereira Rossell Hospital Center (CHPR). Method: 164 carriers of cervical-uterine cancer who completed the radiochemotherapy treatment between June 2006 and November 2008 were included in the study. External radiochemotherapy consisted in pelvic irradiation (in combination with weekly cisplatin) and uterus-vaginal brachytherapy. Effective biological doses for tumor were calculated, for the rectum and the bladder. Locoregional control rate and survival after 5 years, as well as chronic complications, were analysed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: global five-year survival rate was 67%, there being significant differences between stage II (78%) and stage III (49%) (Log-rank test, p = 0.0002). According to RTOG (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group) Grade 3/4 chronic complications rate was 1.8% for urinary complications and 3.7% for digestive complications. Initial local control was 89% and lesion persistence was 10.3%, locoregional recurrence (LR) throughout the period was 19.5%; metastases with and without LR was 10.3% Conclusions: therapeutic effectiveness of radiochemotherapy for to treat cervical cancer is confirmed in our context. In most cases recurrence or persistence resulted from lack of locoregional follow-up after initial treatment. Treatment was well tolerated, with low percentage of chronic complications, what is comparable to international literature.

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13.

Problems associated with alcohol consumption by university students
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Castaño-Perez, Guillermo Alonso

; Calderon-Vallejo, Gustavo Adolfo

Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem

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Out 2014, Volume 22 Nº 5 Páginas 739 - 746

Resumo: En Es Pt | Texto: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

OBJECTIVES: the aim of this study was to analyze alcohol consumption by university students and psychosocial problems related.METHOD: descriptive correlational study that included 396 university students. The "Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test" - (AUDIT) - and an "ad hoc" questionnaire were used as instruments to assess the associated problems.RESULTS: of the total sample, 88.6% drank, 20.5% had harmful consumption and 14.9% were at risk of dependence according to AUDIT. The study showed important results related to harmful alcohol consumption and dependence, with damage to the academic performance, social relationships, psychological status and sexual condition.CONCLUSIONS: complications caused by problematic alcohol consumption by university students, which is high in this group due to the high prevalence of their alcohol consumption, highlights the importance of promoting programs to prevent the abuse and dependence of this substance in universities.

OBJETIVO: analizar el consumo de alcohol en estudiantes universitarios y los problemas psicosociales asociados.MÉTODO: estudio descriptivo correlacional, que incluyó 396 estudiantes universitarios. Fueron utilizados como instrumentos el Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) y un cuestionario ad hoc, para evaluar los problemas asociados.RESULTADOS: del total de la muestra 88.6% bebió, 20.5% presentaba consumo perjudicial y el 14.9% estaba en riesgo de dependencia, según el AUDIT. El estudio mostró resultados importantes relacionados con los consumos perjudiciales y la dependencia, con afectaciones a nivel académico, en las relaciones sociales y en las esferas psicológica y sexual.CONCLUSIÓN: se constatan los problemas ocasionados por los consumos problemáticos de alcohol en población universitaria, los cuales son mayores en este grupo poblacional, por las altas prevalencias de consumo de alcohol que presentan, lo que alerta sobre la importancia de emprender en las universidades programas de prevención al abuso y dependencia de esta sustancia

OBJETIVOS: o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o consumo de álcool em estudantes universitários e os problemas psicossociais associados.MÉTODO: trata-se de estudo descritivo correlacional, que incluiu 396 estudantes universitários. Foram utilizados como instrumentos o Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test(AUDIT) e um questionário ad hoc, para avaliar os problemas associados.RESULTADOS: do total da amostra, 88,6% bebiam, 20,5% apresentavam consumo prejudicial e 14,9% estavam em risco de dependência, de acordo com o AUDIT. O estudo mostrou resultados importantes relacionados ao consumo prejudicial e à dependência, com danos em nível acadêmico, nas relações sociais, no estado psicológico e na condição sexual.CONCLUSÕES: foram constatados problemas causados pelo consumo problemático de álcool pelos universitários, que é mais elevado nesse grupo, pela alta prevalência de consumo de álcool que apresentam, o que alerta para a importância de se promover programas de prevenção do abuso e dependência dessa substância nas universidades.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-1169.3579.2475 3 downloads

14.

Problems associated with alcohol consumption by university students
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Castaño-Perez, Guillermo Alonso

; Calderon-Vallejo, Gustavo Adolfo

Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem

Métricas do periódico
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

Out 2014, Volume 22 Nº 5 Páginas 739 - 746

Resumo: Pt En Es | Texto: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-1169.3579.2475 114093 downloads

15.

Consumo de drogas emergentes en Medellín, Colombia
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Castaño Pérez, Guillermo A

; Calderón Vallejo, Gustavo A

; Berbesi Fernández, Dedsy Yajaira

Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría

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Set 2013, Volume 42 Nº 3 Páginas 248 - 256

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Introducción: La continua aparición de nuevas sustancias sintéticas que se puede utilizar como drogas de abuso supone un desafío constante para la salud pública. Drogas emergentes es el término acuñado en este trabajo para definir la aparición de nuevas sustancias psicoactivas en un momento dado y un contexto y un grupo particulares, la reaparición de otras que en los estudios epidemiológicos habían perdido su prevalencia y el aumento repentino en las prevalencias de drogas que se mantenían en consumos bajos. Método: Bajo un enfoque empírico-analítico, se planteó un estudio con un enfoque mixto. Conformaron la muestra de conveniencia 510 drogodependientes que en 2011 asistieron a centros de tratamiento, en la modalidad de internamiento, en el municipio de Medellín, en quienes se exploró el consumo de drogas emergentes. A todos los usuarios de drogas se les aplicó un instrumento ad-hoc para detectar consumo de las que el estudio consideraba drogas emergentes. Detectados los consumidores y seleccionados por la frecuencia del consumo y la prevalencia en el último año y el último mes, se les solicitó una entrevista semiestructurada, que indagaba por detalles de la sustancia y las características del consumo. Resultados: Del grupo estudiado en el caso de Medellín, el 82,2% son varones y el 17,8%, mujeres. El 58,2% cursa secundaria y el 26,8% tiene estudios superiores técnicos o de universidad. El 1,4% no ha ido a la escuela. Solo un 27,8% trabaja con un empleo fijo, ocasional o independiente. El 40,7% son estudiantes y el 8,9%, amas de casa. El 76,3% son solteros y el 17,8% tiene pareja estable. En la muestra están representados todos los estratos socioeconómicos. Entre las drogas emergentes halladas, se destacan las prevalencias de las benzodiacepinas flunitrazepam y clonazepam: prevalencia de vida (PV), 97,5%; prevalencia en el último año (PA), 67,9%, y prevalencia en el último mes (PM), 46,7%. Les siguen las drogas de síntesis (LSD, «éxtasis», anfetaminas, HGB, «éxtasis vegetal», fenciclidina, metanfetamina, ketamina, 2CB): PV, 96,5%; PA, 44,5%, y PM, 23,5%. Luego aparecen las cocaínas fumables (basuco, crack y free-base): PV, 80%; PA, 52,1%, y PM, 31,7%. Siguen los derivados opiáceos (heroína, morfina, opio, codeína, dextrometorfano, meperidina, fentanilo): PV, 61,4%; PA, 26,7%, y PM, 16%. Los alucinógenos como los hongos, el cacao sabanero y el yagué también aparecen entre los consumos: PV, 73,5%; PA, 23,2%, y PM, 12,2%. Hay también consumo de inhalantes como el popper y el diclorometano («Dick»): PV, 87,9%; PA, 37,6%, y PM, 21,6%. Conclusiones: Estos resultados alertan sobre la necesidad de hacer seguimiento a las denominadas drogas emergentes por los riesgos que pueden implicar para la salud pública.

Abstract Introduction: The ongoing emergence of new synthetic substances that are used as drugs is a constant challenge to public health. Emerging drugs is the concept used in this research project to define the emergence of new psychoactive substances at a given time, a specific context and group, the reemergence of others that some epidemiologists considered had lost their prevalence, and the sudden prevalence of drugs that had low levels of consumption. Method: This research project was carried out using an empirical-analytical approach using a mixed methods study. The convenience sample was made up of 510 drug dependents institutionalized in treatment centers in Medellin in the year 2011. The examination was carried out related to the consumption of emerging drugs. An ad hoc tool was applied to all the drug users in order to identify which of the drugs of this study they considered to be emergent. Once the consumers were identified and selected based on the frequency of consumption, and the prevalence in the last year and last month, a semi-structured interview was carried out to find out details on the substances and their consumption characteristics. Results: Based on the new drug consumers in Medellin, 82.2% were male and 17.8% female. As regards education levels, 58.2% were in high school, 26.8% hold higher technical or college degrees, and 1.4% had no schooling. Only 27.8% held a steady job, occasional employment, or were independent business owners, 40.7% were students and 8.9% were housewives. More than three-quarters (76.3%) were single, and 17.8% had a steady partner. The sample represented all social classes. Of all the emerging drugs found in this study, the prevalence of benzodiazepines stands out (flunitrazepam and clonazepam), life prevalence (LP), 97.5%; last year prevalence (LYP), 67.9%, and last month prevalence (LMP), 46.7%. These were followed by the synthetic drugs (LSD, Ecstasies, amphetamines, GHB, Vegetable Ecstasies, Phencyclidine; Methamphetamine, Ketamine, 2CB), with LP, 96.5%; LYP, 44.5%, and LMP, 23.5%. Then there was smokable cocaine (Crack and Free-Base), with LP, 80%, LYP, 52.1%, and LYP=31.7%. The opiate derivatives (heroine, morphine, opium, codeine, dextromethorphan, meperidine, fentanyl) had an LP, 61.4%; LYP, 26.7% and LMP, 16%. The consumption statistics of the hallucinogens such as mushrooms, scopolamine and "yague", had an LP, 73.5%; LYP, 23.2% and LMP, 12.2%. Finally, use of inhalants such as popper and dichloromethane (Dick) had an LP, 87.9%; LYP, 37.6% and LMP, 21.6%. Conclusion: These results are an alert to the need to track the development of these so called emergent drugs due to the risks they pose for public health.

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